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ENGLAND
Samuel Pepys
Elizabeth I
London's Underworld
Fleet Marriages.
The Cries of London
Updated.




It was a Sunday afternoon, wet and cheerless: and a duller spectacle this earth of ours has not to show than a rainy Sunday in London.

-- Thomas De Quincey 1822



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February Week 2
Posted on Jun 10, 2002 - 04:27 AM by Bill McCann

This page provides daily updates on past events and anniversaries during the Second week of February. The events included are those that either happened in London or had an effect, one way or another, on the lives of Londoners.


Daily updates on Events during the Second week


Below are the events and anniversaries for this week both about London and Londoners and Outside London.

The archive for these pages has been arranged in a series of monthly Digests. To speed up navigation, these have been further divided into four weekly instalments. These pages are all comprehensively interlinked.

Each Section has its own background page which provides additional and in-depth information about many of the events and people in the daily listings. They are intended to both amuse and inform and can be found at Gazette Briefings and Historical Anecdotes .

Links to the anniversaries and events in the other weeks of the month are given in the following table whilst links to the other months of the year can be found at the bottom of the page.

First WeekThird WeekFinal Week

London and Londoners

8th

1554, Thursday February 8, Sir Thomas Wyatt was captured at the Belle Sauvage Inn on Ludgate Hill.
1601, Sunday February 8, Robert Devereux Earl of Essex, gathered an army in London in a rebellion against the Queen's Government.
1622, Friday February 8, James I dissolved his third parliament which had presumed to voice an opinion on foreign affairs.
1654, Wednesday February 8, Cromwell, recently proclaimed Lord Protector, was entertained at Grocer's Hall by the Mayor and Aldermen.
1672, Thursday February 8, Isaac Newton read his first optics paper before the Royal Society in London.
1690, Saturday February 8, Halifax resigned as Lord Privy Seal.
1750, February 8, A minor Earthquakehit London. It was the first of two that led to panic and a large-scale evacuation of the city on April 7th.
1794, Saturday February 8, The Morning Advertiser was founded by the Licensed Victuallers Association.
1819, Friday February 8, Birth of the artist and art critic John Ruskin, in London.
1836, Monday February 8, The first London railway train ran from London Bridge to Deptford. There were fears that the "great speed" of 16 miles an hour would break passengers' necks.
1862, Saturday February 8, Benedict's opera The Lily of Killarney premiered in London.
1885, Sunday February 8, Birth of the actress Dame Edith Evans in London.
1886, Monday February 8, A protest march in Trafalgar Square, by the unemployed, ended in riots and looting.
1918, Friday February 8, The Government announced that in London and Home Counties meat would be rationed to 20 ounces per adult per week.
1928, Wednesday February 8, John Logie Baird made the first overseas television broadcast from London to New York.
1939, Wednesday February 8, The House of Lords passed the Bastardy Bill, making blood tests compulsory in paternity suits.
1964, Saturday February 8, Peter Shaffer's The Royal Hunt of the Sun premiered in London.
1965, Monday February 8, Cigarette advertisements on British television were banned.
1975, Saturday February 8, Death of the Gilbert & Sullivan actor/singer Martyn Green.
1998, Sunday February 8, Death the controversial politician of Enoch Powell.

9th

1537, Friday February 9, Pope Paul III sent Cardinal Reginald Pole to London. His mother was the unfortunate Margaret, Countess of Salisbury.
1554, Friday February 9, With the defeat of the forces of Sir Thomas Wyatt, London prepared for Mary Tudor's triumphant entry.
1682, Thursday February 9, Thomas Otway's Venice Preserved premiered in London.
1742, Tuesday February 9, Ex-Prime Minister Horace Walpole was created earl of Orford.
1791, Sunday February 9, The Thames flooded Westminster to such an extent that the lawyers had to make their way to Westminster Hall in boats. A great deal of damage was caused to public and private property.
1811, Saturday February 9, Death of the 5th Astronomer Royal Nevil Maskelyne.
1863, Monday February 9, Birth of the novelist Anthony Hope [Hopkins] in London.
1865, Thursday February 9, Birth of the actress Mrs Patrick Campbell, in Kensington.
1891, Monday February 9, Birth of the film actor Ronald Colman, in Richmond.
1914, Monday February 9, William Marconi declared he could light a lamp six miles away by wireless.
1916, Wednesday February 9, The military service act (conscription)was enforced.
1942, Friday February 9, Soap rationing began in Britain.
1965, Tuesday February 9, Birth of the boxer Lennox Lewis in London.
1966, Wednesday February 9, The government of Harold Wilson announced plans for a prototype fast-breeder reactor at Dounreay, in Scotland.
1972, Wednesday February 9, The government of Edward Heath declared a state of emergency due to the miners' strike, which was in its third month.
1974, Saturday February 9, 269,000 Miners began striking over a wage dispute.
1988, Tuesday February 9, The House of Commons voted to allow experimental televising of selected debates.
1996, Friday February 9, The IRA detonated an enormous bomb in London's Docklands.

10th

1495, Tuesday February 10, Death of Sir William Stanley English lord chamberlain, executed for conspiracy.
1583, Sunday February 10, Leicester's Men performed A History of Telomo at Court. It was the last recorded performance of company.
1609, Friday February 10, Birth of the poet, dramatist and courtier Sir John Suckling.
1624, Tuesday February 10, James I opened his fourth and last Parliament.
1685, Tuesday February 10, Birth of the playwright and poet Aaron Hill, in London.
1686, Wednesday February 10, Death of the antiquary and Garter Principal King of Arms William Dugdale.
1699, Friday February 10, James Isaacson Member for Banbury was expelled from the House of Commons for acting as a Commissioner managing Duties on Vellum Paper and Parchment contrary to an Act of Parliament.
1720, Wednesday February 10, Edmund Halley was appointed as the second Astronomer Royal.
1746, Monday February 10, Henry Pelham's "broad-bottomed" administration resigned en bloc, forcing George II to accept the inclusion of William Pitt as secretary at war.
1775, Friday February 10, Birth of the critic and essayist Charles Lamb in London.
1794, Monday February 10, Haydn's 99th Symphony premiered in London.
1840, Monday February 10, Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, both aged 20, were married in St James' Palace, London.
1887, Thursday February 10, Death of the novelist Mrs. Henry Wood.
1894, Saturday February 10, Birth of the politician and Prime Minister Harold Macmillan.
1907, Sunday February 10, Death of journalist Sir William Howard Russell.
1908, Monday February 10, At a conference of shipping operators in London it was decided to double transatlantic passenger rates.
1910, Thursday February 10, Birth of the actress Joyce Grenfell [Joyce Phipps], in London.
1912, Saturday February 10, Death of the surgeon Joseph Lister.
1919, Monday February 10, The government established the Industrial Training Department for the retraining of demobilized soldiers and civilians.
1944, Thursday February 10, The Pay As You Earn (PAYE) income tax system was introduced in Britain.
1956, Friday February 10, Death of Viscount Trenchard, who spearheaded the creation of the RAF.
1961, Friday February 10, Professor Martin Ryle questioned the steady state thory of the universe.

11th

1466, Tuesday February 11, Birth, in London, of Elizabeth of York, Consort of Henry VII.
1503, Saturday February 11, Death of Elizabeth of York Consort of Henry VII.
1543, Sunday February 11, Secret Anglo-Imperial treaty prepared for war with France.
1633, Monday February 11, A maid in one of the houses on London Bridge left a tub of hot ashes under a stairs. The fire that resulted caused considerable damage to the entire structure.
1734, Monday February 11, The statue of Thomas Guy, in the livery of the Stationers Company, which now stands in the hospital grounds, was unveiled.
1826, Saturday February 11, University College London was founded.
1850, Monday February 11, St Martin's Hall in Long Acre was opened. Charles Dickens gave his early public readings here.
1878, Monday February 11, The first weekly weather report was published by the Meteorological Office.
1905, Saturday February 11, The last performance at the concert rooms of St James' Hall Piccadilly took place. The hall was demolished to make way for the Piccadilly Hotel.
1934, Sunday February 11, Birth of the fashion designer Mary Quant, in London.
1975, Tuesday February 11, Margaret Thatcher won the Conservative Party Leadership and became the first woman leader of a British political party.

12th

1246, Monday February 12, What would become the Savoy was granted to Peter earl of Richmond by Henry III. Peter later became the Count of Savoy.
1424, Saturday February 12, James I of Scotland married Jane Beaufort, niece of the bishop of Winchester at the church of St Mary Ovarie in Southwark. The banquet was held at the bishop's palace nearby.
1496, Friday February 12, Thomas More entered Lincoln's Inn to study law.
1554, Monday February 12, Lady Jane Grey and her husband Lord Guildford Dudley were executed, he on Tower Hill she on Tower Green, after being implicated in the Wyatt rebellion.
1870, Saturday February 12, Birth of the music-hall star Marie Lloyd [Matilda Alice Victoria Wood], in Hoxton, London.
1886, Monday February 12, Salisbury formed his second Administration.
1903, Thursday February 12, Dr. Randall Davidson became the 96th Archbishop of Canterbury.
1906, Monday February 12, Keir Hardie was elected leader by the new Labour MPs in the House of Commons.
1926, Friday February 12, Birth of the publisher Paul Hamlyn.
1932, Friday February 12, The National Government of Ramsey MacDonald introduced a bill to improve youth courts, raise the age of juveniles and ban whipping of under-14s.
1943, Friday February 12, Lord Nuffield created the Nuffield Foundation, Britain's biggest charitable trust, with a gift of £10 million.
1954, Friday February 12, The Government of Winston Churchill published a bill setting up Atomic Energy Authority.
1984, Sunday February 12, Death of the painter and art forger Tom Keating.

13th

1247, Wednesday February 13, A major Earthquake caused considerable damage in the City.
1542, Saturday February 13, Catherine Howard, fifth wife of Henry VIII, was executed.
1601, Friday February 13, Commander Sir James Lancaster led the first fleet of the East India Company out of London.
1602, Saturday February 13, Death of the dean of St Paul's Alexander Nowell.
1662, Thursday February 13, Death of the daughter of James I, Elisabeth Stuart.
1689, Wednesday February 13, Parliament passed the "Bill of Rights" which maintained that James II had willingly abdicated and banned Catholics from the succession.
1689, Wednesday February 13, The formal Accession of William of Orange and Mary as joint sovereigns, at the invitation of parliament.
1699, Monday February 13, Henry Cornish Member for Shaftesbury was expelled from the House of Commons for acting as a Commissioner managing Duties on Vellum Paper and Parchment contrary to an Act of Parliament.
1793, Wednesday February 13, Britain, Prussia, Austria, Holland, Spain, and Sardinia formed an alliance against France in the Revolutionary Wars.
1874, Friday February 13, The Pantechnicon in Belgravia was destroyed in a blaze due to an inadequate water supply. It was an enormous storage facility which was used by people to store their furniture and other goods if they were on colonial service or otherwise out of London for any lengthy period.
1888, Monday February 13, The London Financial Guide which had launched on January 9, became the Financial Times.
1907, Wednesday February 13, Suffragettes stormed the Houses of Parliament and there were sixty arrests.
1910, Sunday February 13, Birth of the physicist William Shockley in London.
1913, Thursday February 13, U.K. premier of Stravinsky's Firebird.
1917, Tuesday February 13, The Lloyd-George Government allowed women to become taxi-drivers.
1938, Sunday February 13, Birth of the actor Oliver Reed, in Wimbledon.
1946, Wednesday February 13, The Labour government of Clement Attlee repealed the 1926 law banning strikes.
1980, Wednesday February 13, It was announced that the Sixpennny piece would cease to be legal tender after June 30.

14th

1236, Thursday February 14, Henry III married Eleonora of Provence.
1400, Tuesday February 14, The deposed Richard II was murdered in Pontefract castle.
1547, Monday February 14, The corpse of Henry VIII was moved to Syon House en route to Windsor. During the night, the coffin burst open and dogs were discovered licking up the remains in the morning.
1599, Wednesday February 14, The Chamberlain's Men shareholders signed the lease of the land on which they built the Globe Theatre.
1604, Tuesday February 14, The Hampton Court Conference between James I and the puritans opened.
1699, Tuesday February 14, Samuel Atkinson Member for Harwich was expelled from the House of Commons for acting as Commissioner and Manager on duties contrary to an Act of Parliament.
1699, Tuesday February 14, Sir Henry Furnace Member for Bramber was expelled from the House of Commons for acting as Collector and Manager for raising £2 millions and settling trade with the East Indies contrary to an Act of Parliament.
1742, Sunday February 14, Death of the astronomer Edmund Halley.
1852, Saturday February 14, Great Ormond Street children's hospital, in London, accepted its first patient.
1895, Thursday February 14, Oscar Wilde's, The Importance of Being Earnest opened at the St James' Theatre and was rapturously received.
1904, Sunday February 14, Birth of the photographer Sir Cecil Beaton, in London.
1904, Sunday February 14, The Great Northern and City Line connecting Moorgate with Finsbury Park via Highbury, was opened.
1905, Tuesday February 14, As Parliament opened there was some doubt as to whether Balfour's government could hang on to power.
1944, Monday February 14, Birth of the film director Alan Parker, in Islington.
1946, Thursday February 14, The Bank of England was nationalized by the Atlee government.
1963, Thursday February 14, Harold Wilson became the new leader of the Labour Party.
1977, Monday February 14, Death of the politician and Prime Minister Anthony Eden.
1977, Monday February 14, Death of the actor Peter Finch.

Outside London

8th

1577, Friday February 8, Birth of the writer Robert Burton, in Lindley Leicestershire.
1586, Tuesday February 8, Birth of the German composer Jacob Praetorius.
1587, Wednesday February 8, Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, was executed at Fotheringay.
1591, Monday February 8, Guercino Italian painter born.
1600, Friday February 8, The Inquisition sentenced the scholar and scientist Giordano Bruno to death for heresy.
1612, Saturday February 8, The poet and satirist, Samuel Butler born baptised at Strensham Worcestershire.
1709, Sunday February 8, Death of the Italian composer Giuseppi Torelli.
1776, Thursday February 8, Goethe's Stella premiered in Hamburg.
1828, Friday February 8, Birth of the French novelist Jules Verne.
1886, Monday February 8, Birth of the American film actor Charlie Ruggles.
1894, Thursday February 8, Death of the Scottish novelist R B Ballantyne.
1895, Friday February 8, Birth of the American film director King Vidor.
1895, Friday February 8, Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake premieres in St. Petersburg.
1906, Thursday February 8, Birth of the Polish pianist Arthur Balsam.
1913, Saturday February 8, Suffragettes destroyed the London-Glasgow telephone line.
1920, Sunday February 8, Birth of the American film actress Lana Turner,.
1925, Sunday February 8, Birth of the American film actor Jack Lemmon.
1926, Monday February 8, Death of the biologist William Bateson.
1926, Monday February 8, Sean O'Casey's The Plough & the Stars premieres at the Abbey Theatre Dublin.
1931, Sunday February 8, Birth of the American film actor James Dean.
1933, Wednesday February 8, Birth of the Dutch soprano Elly Ameling.
1933, Wdnesday February 8, First test flight of the all-metal Boeing 247.
1935, Friday February 8, Death of the German impressionist painter Max Liebermann.
1940, Thursday February 8, Birth of the American film actor Nick Nolte.
1940, Thursday February 8, Birth of the historian Averil Cameron.
1942, Sunday February 8, Stravinsky's Danses Concertantes premierd in Los Angeles.
1946, Friday February 8, Béla Bartòk's 3rd piano concerto premieres in Philadelphia.
1949, Tuesday February 8, Death of the Italian composer Franco Leoni.
1967, Wednesday February 8, The pirate radio station UKGM closed down.
1969, Saturday February 8, The Boeing 747 made its first test flight.
1979, Thursday February 8, Death of the inventor of holography Dennis Gabor.
1983, Tuesday February 8, Champion thoroughbred Shergar was kidnapped in Ireland and was never found. Lloyds $10.6 million insurance.
1988, Monday February 8, Death of the actor Allan Cuthbertson.
1996, Thursday February 8, Death of the Catholic Bishop of Liverpool John Hartford Worlock.
1999, Monday February 8, Death of the Irish novelist and philosopher Iris Murdoch.

9th

1555, Saturday February 9, John Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester, was burnt for heresy.
1567, Tuesday February 9, Henry Darnley, consort of Mary Queen of Scots, was murdered in Edinburgh.
1649, Friday February 9, The clandestine funeral of Charles I took place at Windsor.
1700, Friday February 9, Birth of the Swiss mathematician Daniel Bernoulli.
1700, Friday February 9, Birth of the Italian scientist Daniel Bernoulli.
1830, Tuesday February 9, The explorer Charles Sturt discovered the source of the Murray river in Australia.
1854, Thursday February 9, Birth of the lawyer and Northern Irish politician Edward Carson.
1872, Friday February 9, Lieutenant Dawson's expedition in search of Dr Livingstone got under way.
1881, Wednesday February 9, Death of the Russian novelist Fyodor Dostoevsky.
1885, Monday February 9, Birth of the Austrian composer Alban Berg.
1893, Thursday February 9, Verdi's last opera, Falstaff, premiered in Milan.
1901, Saturday February 9, Birth of the Irish actor Brian Donlevy.
1906, Friday February 9, Birth of the soprano Gwen Catley.
1909, Tuesday February 9, Birth of the actress Heather Angel in Oxford.
1909, Tuesday February 9, Birth of the Portuguese film actress Carmen Miranda [Maria do Carmo Miranda Da Cunha].
1911, Thursday February 9, Birth of the law lord Eustace Wenworth Roskill.
1923, Friday February 9, Birth of the Irish author and playwright Brendan Behan.
1923, Friday February 9, Birth of the American film actress and singer Kathryn Grayson.
1924, Saturday February 9, Birth of the organist George Guest.
1936, Sunday February 9, Birth of the actor Clive Swift in Liverpool.
1939, Thursday February 9, Birth of the South African actress Janet Suzman.
1943, Tuesday February 9, Birth of the tenor Ryland Davies.
1945, Friday February 9, Birth of the American film actress Mia Farrow.
1955, Wednesday February 9, Birth of the actor Charles Shaughnessy in London.
1960, Tuesday February 9, Death of the American composer Ernst von Dohnanyi.
1963, Saturday February 9, First test flight of the Boeing 727 jet aircraft.
1966, Wednesday February 9, Birth of the Dutch soprano Amanda Roocroft.
1986, Sunday February 9, Halley's Comet made its closest approach to Sun as it reached the 30th perihelion.
1990, Friday February 9, The spacecraft Galileo made its first fly-past of Venus.
1993, Tuesday February 9, Death of the radio journalist David Willis.
1993, Tuesday February 9, Death of the actress Kate Wilkinson.
1996, Friday February 9, Death of the historian of science Alistair Cameron Crombie.

10th

1355, Tuesday February 10, A street battle between Oxford University students and townspeople resulted in several deaths and many injuries.
1482, Sunday February 10, Death of the Italian sculptor Luca della Robbia.
1567, Monday February 10, Lord Darnley, husband of Mary Queen of Scots, was murdered at Kirk O'Field on the Flodden Wall Edinburgh.
1670, Thursday February 10, The playwright William Congreve, born in Bardsey, Yorkshire, was baptised.
1763, Thursday February 10, France ceded Canada to Britain in the Peace of Paris.
1824, Tuesday February 10, Birth of the inventor Samuel Plimsoll in Bristol.
1837, Friday February 10, Death of the Russian author Aleksandr Pushkin in a duel.
1878, Sunday February 10, Tchaikovsky's 4th Symphony premiered in Moscow (22nd OS).
1881, Thursday February 10, Offenbach's opera Les Contes d'Hoffman premiered in Paris.
1882, Friday February 10, Rimski-Korsakov's opera Snegurotchka premiered in St Petersburg.
1889, Sunday February 10, Birth of the Welsh novelist Howard Spring, .
1890, Monday February 10, Birth of the Russian novelist Boris Pasternak.
1892, Wednesday February 10, Birth of the American actor Alan Hale [Rufus Alan Mackahan].
1893, Friday February 10, Birth of the American actor/comedian Jimmy Durante.
1898, Thursday February 10, Birth of the Australian actress Dame Judith Anderson.
1898, Thursday February 10, Birth of the German dramatist Bertolt Brecht.
1906, Saturday February 10, Britain's 1st modern & largest battleship, HMS Dreadnought, was launched.
1906, Saturday February 10, Birth of the American actor Lon Chaney.
1906, Saturday February 10, Birth of the actor Erik Rhodes [Ernest Sharpe.
1910, Thursday February 10, The Labour party Conference at Newport demanded the abolition of the House of Lords and a right-to-work bill.
1913, Monday February 10, The bodies of Captain Scott and his party were found in the Antarctic.
1914, Tuesday February 10, Birth of the harmonica player Larry Adler.
1920, Tuesday February 10, Birth of the botanist J Heslop-Harrison.
1923, Saturday February 10, Death of the German physicist Wilhelm von Röntgen (Nobel 1901).
1923, Saturday February 10, Birth of the Italian Bass Cesare Siepi.
1926, Wednesday February 10, Birth of the Irish footballer Danny Blanchflower, in Belfast.
1927, Thursday February 10, Birth of the American soprano Leontyne Price.
1930, Monday February 10, Birth of the ballet dancer John Gilpin, in Southsea.
1930, Monday February 10, Birth of the American film actor Robert Wagner.
1932, Wednesday February 10, Death of the thriller writer Edgar Wallace.
1940, Saturday February 10, The first Tom & Jerry cartoon was released by MGM.
1948, Tuesday February 10, Death of the Russian film director Sergei Eisenstein.
1949, Thursday February 10, Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman opens at the Morosco Theater, New York.
1950, Friday February 10, Birth of the American Olympic champion swimmer Mark Spitz.
1986, Monday February 10, Death of the film actor Brian Aherne.
1992, Monday February 10, Death of the American writer Alex Haley.
1994, Thursday February 10, Death of the cartoonist Mel Calman.
1997, Monday February 10, Comet Shoemaker-Holt 2 made its (disappointing) closest Approach to Earth.

11th

1650, Monday February 11, Death of the French philosopher René Descartes.
1741, Wednesday February 11, Birth of the Belgian composer Andre-Ernest-Modeste Gretry.
1799, Monday February 11, Death of the Italian physiologist and chemist Lazaro Spallanzani.
1800, Tuesday February 11, Birth of the photographic pioneer Henry Fox Talbot, at Evershot, Dorset.
1821, Sunday February 11, Birth of the French Egyptologist Auguste Édouard Mariette.
1839, Monday February 11, Birth of the American physical chemist Josiah Willard Gibbs.
1840, Tuesday February 11, Donizetti's Opera La Fille du Regiment premiered in Paris.
1843, Saturday February 11, Verdi's Opera I Lombardi premiered in Milan.
1847, Thursday February 11, Birth of the American inventor Thomas Edison.
1858, Thursday February 11, The first alleged apparition of the Virgin Mary at Lourdes in France.
1868, Tuesday February 11, Death of the French scientist Jean Léon Foucault.
1873, Tuesday February 11, Birth of the Russian Bass Feodor Chaliapine.
1896, Tuesday February 11, Oscar Wilde's Salomé premiered in Paris.
1898, Friday February 11, Birth of the Hungarian physicist Leo Szilard.
1899, Saturday February 11, The first fatal motor-cycle accident occurred in Exeter when George Morgan fell from his newly acquired motor tricycle.
1903, Wednesday February 11, Bruckner's ninth Symphony premiered in Vienna.
1908, Tuesday February 11, Birth of the Antarctic explorer Sir Vivian Fuchs, in Kent.
1909, Thursday February 11, Birth of the American film writer and director Joseph Mankiewicz.
1912, Sunday February 11, Birth of the Czech pianist Rudolf Firkusny.
1921, Friday February 11, Birth of the Hungarian actress Eva Gabor.
1926, Thursday February 11, Birth of the Scottish conductor Alexander Gibson, in Motherwell.
1926, Thursday February 11, Birth of the American film actor Leslie Nielson.
1929, Monday February 11, The Lateran Pact between the Papacy and the Italian State established the Vatican as s sovereign independent state.
1931, Wednesday February 11, Death of the Irish engineer and inventor Charles Algernon Parsons.
1932, Thursday February 11, Birth of the politician Dennis Skinner.
1934, Sunday February 11, Birth of the racing driver John Surtees.
1936, Tuesday February 11, Birth of the American film actor Burt Reynolds.
1939, Saturday February 11, Birth of the politician Bryan Gould.
1942, Wednesday February 11, Birth of the politician James Couchman.
1945, Sunday February 11, The Yalta Conference ended with the Allied leaders intent on the final defeat of Germany and on the establishment of the United Nations.
1948, Wednesday February 11, Death of the Russian film director Sergei Eisenstein.
1969, Tuesday February 11, Sixteen hundred women workers at Ford win equal pay with their men colleagues.
1973, Sunday February 11, Death of the German physicist Hans D Jensen (Nobel 1963).
1976, Wednesday February 11, Death of the American actor Lee J Cobb.
1982, Thursday February 11, Death of the American film actress Eleanor Powell.
1992, Tuesday February 11, Death of the American actor/director Ray Danton.
1994, Friday February 11, Death of the American actor William Conrad.
1999, Thursday February 11, Pluto regained its position as the farthest planet from the sun in our solar system.

12th

1567, Wednesday February 12, Birth of the physician, composer and poet Thomas Campion, at Witham in Essex.
1797, Sunday February 12, 1,400 French troops, led by Irish-American general William Tate, made an unsuccessful attempt to invade Britain, on the Welsh coast.
1804, Sunday February 12, Death of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant.
1809, Sunday February 12, Birth of the scientist Charles Darwin, in Shrewsbury.
1828, Tuesday February 12, Birth of the novelist George Meredith, in Portsmouth.
1889, Tuesday February 12, Henrik Ibsen's Fruen fra Haven premiered in Oslo.
1894, Monday February 12, Death of the German conductor Hans von Bülow.
1896, Wednesday February 12, Death of the French composer Ambrose Thomas.
1915, Friday February 12, Death of the French composer Emile Waldteufel.
1915, Friday February 12, Birth of the Canadian actor Lorne Greene.
1923, Monday February 12, Birth of the Italian film director Franco Zeffirelli.
1924, Tuesday February 12, George Gershwin's Rhapsody In Blue premiered at Carnegie Hall, New York.
1927, Saturday February 12, Ten vessels collided and three sank in the fog-bound English Channel.
1929, Tuesday February 12, Death of the actress Lillie Langtry.
1933, Sunday February 12, Death of the French composer Henri Duparc.
1934, Monday February 12, Birth of the actress Annette Crosbie, in Edinburgh.
1947, Thursday February 12, Death of the American film actor Sidney Toler.
1952, Tuesday February 12, Birth of the actor Simon McCorkindale, in Cambridge.
1961, Sunday February 12, The first spacecraft to the planet Venus was launched.
1967, Sunday February 12, Birth of the American film actor Stephen Baldwin actor.
1976, Thursday February 12, Murder of the American actor Sal Mineo.
1984, Sunday February 12, To the music of Ravel's Bolero,Jayne Torvill & Christopher Dean skate their way to all perfect scores for quality and take the Olympic gold medal.

13th

1545, Wednesday February 13, Willem of Nassau becomes the Prince of Orange.
1571, Wednesday February 13, Death of the Italian sculptor Benvenuto Cellini.
1633, Wednesday February 13, Galileo Galilei arrived in Rome for his trial before Inquisition.
1678, Wednesday February 13, Tycho Brahe first sketched his description of the solar system.
1682, Monday February 13, Birth of the Venetian painter Giovanni Battista Piazzetta.
1692, Saturday February 13, In the Massacre of Glencoe, 37 members of the MacDonald clan were murdered on the orders of the government of William and Mary.
1692, Saturday February 13, Glencoe massacre of Scottish Highlanders.
1728, Tuesday February 13, Birth of the Scottish surgeon and anatomist John Hunter.
1778, Friday February 13, Birth of the Spanish composer Fernando Sor.
1849, Tuesday February 13, Birth of the politician Lord Randolph Churchill, at Blenheim.
1867, Wednesday February 13, Strauss's waltz the The Beautiful Blue Danube was first played publicly, in Vienna.
1870, Sunday February 13, Birth of the Lithuanian pianist Leopold Godowsky.
1883, Tuesday February 13, Death of the German composer Richard Wagner.
1893, Monday February 13, The South Wales Daily Post was launched in Swansea.
1901, Wednesday February 13, Birth of the Belgian novelist Georges Simenon.
1916, Sunday February 13, Birth of the American actor James Griffith.
1920, Friday February 13, Birth of the American soprano Eileen Farrell.
1922, Monday February 13, Birth of the politician Francis Pym.
1924, Wednesday February 13, The tomb of Tutankhamun was opened in Cairo.
1927, Sunday February 13, Death of the American philosopher Brooks Adams.
1933, Monday February 13, Birth of the American film actress Kim Novak.
1934, Tuesday February 13, Birth of the American film actor George Segal.
1937, Saturday February 13, Birth of the American film actress Susan Oliver.
1941, Thursday February 13, Birth of the Swedish film actor Bo Svenson.
1942, Friday February 13, Birth of the American film actress Carol Lynley.
1942, Friday February 13, Hitler's Operation Seelöwe (invasion of England) was cancelled.
1944, Sunday February 13, Birth of the American actress Stockard Channing.
1945, Tuesday February 13, The RAF and USAF mounted a three wave bombing attack on the German city of Dresden, 135,000 die and the city id destroyed.
1946, Wednesday February 13, Birth of the German film director Rainer Werner Fassbinder.
1952, Wednesday February 13, Death of the German musicologist Alfred Einstein.
1958, Thursday February 13, Death of the French painter Georges Rouault.
1974, Wednesday February 13, The Russian novelist Alexander Solzhenitsyn was expelled from the USSR.
1976, Friday February 13, Death of the French soprano Lily Pons.
1977, Sunday February 13, Death of the American film actor Jack Gardner.
1979, Tuesday February 13, Death of the French film director Jean Renoir.

14th

1525, Tuesday February 14, Death of the Italian painter Fiorenzo di Lorenzo.
1571, Wednesday February 14, Death of the Italian artist Benvenutto Cellini in Florence.
1602, Sunday February 14, Birth of the Italian composer Francesco Cavalli.
1766, Friday February 14, Birth of the economist and demographer Thomas Malthus, near Dorking, Surrey.
1779, Sunday February 14, Captain Cook was stabbed to death by natives in the Sandwich Islands (now Hawaii) .
1791, Monday February 14, Birth of the shortest known adult male Calvin Phillips (67 cm).
1800, Friday February 14, Birth of the Austrian musicologist Ludwig von Köchel.
1819, Sunday February 14, Birth of the American inventor of the typewriter Christopher Sholes.
1850, Thursday February 14, Birth of the Polish tenor Jean de Reszke [Jan Mieczyslaw].
1875, Sunday February 14, Birth of the Alsation medical missionary Albert Schweitzer (Nobel Peace1952).
1892, Sunday February 14, Birth of the American film director Hal Roach.
1894, Wednesday February 14, Birth of the American comedian Jack Benny.
1898, Monday February 14, Death of the author Lewis Carroll [Reverend Charles Dodgson].
1900, Wednesday February 14, Puccini's opera Tosca premiered in Rome.
1901, Thursday February 14, Birth of the American film actress Bebe Daniels.
1905, Tuesday February 14, Death of the German physicist Ernst Abbe.
1906, Wednesday February 14, Birth of the American actor William Bendix.
1909, Sunday February 14, Birth of the American film director Joseph Losey.
1924, Thursday February 14, Birth of the American film actor Guy Williams.
1925, Saturday February 14, Alban Berg's atonal opera Wozzeck premiered in Berlin.
1932, Sunday February 14, Birth of the American film actor Vic Morrow.
1932, Sunday February 14, Birth of the Swedish actress Harriet Andersson.
1937, Sunday February 14, Birth of the politician John MacGregor.
1941, Friday February 14, Birth of the American film actress [Dorothy] Faye Dunaway.
1947, Friday February 14, Welsh miners agree to work on Sunday for the first time.
1951, Wednesday February 14, Birth of the footballer Kevin Keegan.
1953, Saturday February 14, Vaughan William's Sinfonia Antartica premiered in Manchester.
1957, Thursday February 14, Death of the American actor Humphrey Bogart.
1965, Sunday February 14, Birth of the actress Jemma Redgrave in London.
1965, Sunday February 14, Death of the film actress and singer Jeanette MacDonald.
1967, Tuesday February 14, Birth of the American actor Tom Rhodes.
1975, Friday February 14, Death of the novelist P G Wodehouse.
1975, Friday February 14, Death of the biologist and philosopher Julian Huxley.
1976, Saturday February 14, Death of the actress Margaret Leighton.
1984, Tuesday February 14, Skaters Torvill and Dean won Olympic gold in the Sarajevo winter games.
1986, Friday February 14, Death of the American actress Donna Reed.
1988, Sunday February 14, Death of the American composer Frederick Loewe.
1994, Monday February 14, Death of the American actress Esther Ralston.
1995, Tuesday February 14, Death of the Scottish conductor Alexander Gibson.

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